"Impact at Cumberland Gap: Where Natural and National History Collide" (PDF). ^ "Kentucky town sees a future in its crater"."Impact at Cumberland Gap: Where Natural and National History Collide". : |author= has generic name ( help) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link) Archived from the original (PDF) on Janu. "Field Guide to the Middlesboro and Flynn Creek Impact Structures" (PDF). ^ Archived May 11, 2006, at the Wayback Machine.Planetary and Space Science Centre University of New Brunswick Fredericton. In 2003, the Kentucky Society of Professional Geologists designated the area a Distinguished Geologic Site, and the construction of the Cumberland Gap Tunnel makes the town a convenient source of supplies for visitors to Cumberland Gap National Historical Park. While coal mining is still the town's primary economic driver, local leaders hope to turn the crater into a tourist destination. Panoramic view from Pinnacle Overlook at Cumberland Gap National Historic Park Industrial activity Special mining techniques must be used in the complicated strata of this crater. Middlesboro is the only place in the world where coal is mined inside an impact crater. Without Middlesboro crater, it would have been difficult for packhorses to navigate this gap, formed by differential erosion along one of the subsequent cross faults, and improbable that wagon roads would have been constructed at an early date. In September 2003 the site was designated a Distinguished Geologic Site by the Kentucky Society of Professional Geologists. Shatter cones, a rock shattering pattern naturally formed only during impact events, are found in abundance in the area. The crater was identified in 1966 when Robert Dietz discovered shatter cones in sandstone, which led to the further identification of shocked quartz. Middlesboro crater is a 3-mile (4.8 km) diameter meteorite impact crater in which Middlesboro, Kentucky, is located. The 12-mile (19 km) long Cumberland Gap consists of four geologic features: the Yellow Creek valley, the natural gap in the Cumberland Mountain ridge, the eroded gap in Pine Mountain, and Middlesboro crater. Geological Survey, identified the impact basin in 1962. Arthur, apparently did not know of the crater's extraterrestrial origin. The town of Middlesboro, built in the crater, was established in 1886 to exploit iron and coal deposits, although the town's founder, Alexander A. It forms part of the string of geological features that made the Cumberland Gap a critical westward passage during the settlement of Kentucky and the Ohio Valley in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The Middlesboro crater is located in the Appalachian Mountains, between the Cumberland Mountains and Pine Mountain. The impactor is estimated to have been about 100 m in diameter. The crater is approximately 3 miles (about 5 km) wide and its age is estimated to be less than 300 million years ( Permian). It is named after the city of Middlesborough (both spellings are used), which today occupies much of the crater. The Middlesboro crater (or astrobleme) is a meteorite crater in Kentucky, United States. Location of Middlesboro Crater in Kentucky
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